1) Sugar is an organic molecule because it contains:

A) carbon and nitrogen.

B) carbon.

C) water.

D) carbon dioxide.

E) carbon and oxygen.

2) In some vintage science fiction movies, space travelers find themselves on a planet orbiting a distant star in which there are curious forms of life based on silicon instead of carbon. Although the story clearly is sci-fi, there is an aura of plausibility in the choice of silicon, an atom with 14 protons, in place of carbon as this alien life-form’s central atom. The reason is that silicon:

A) has four electrons in its outermost shell.

B) has one more proton than carbon, so is very similar to it.

C) is an isotope of carbon.

D) is lighter than carbon.

E) is heavier than carbon.

3) Carbon is such an important element for life because it:

A) forms strong ionic bonds.

B) can form chemical bonds with a maximum of four other atoms.

C) can hydrogen bond to many different molecules.

D) is part of the water molecule.

E) does not form isomers.

4) Butane and isobutane are isomers. This means they have the same:

A) arrangement of atoms but a different chemical formula.

B) number of carbon atoms but different numbers of hydrogen atoms.

C) chemical formula but a different arrangement of atoms.

D) chemical formula but can only exist as ring structures.

5) A functional group added to a hydrocarbon usually makes the hydrocarbon:

A) nonpolar.

B) hydrophobic.

C) polar.

D) acidic.

E) an isomer.

6) Unique chemical groups that confer special properties to an organic molecule are called:

A) monomers.

B) amino acids.

C) functional groups.

D) lipids.

7) Hydroxyl groups are commonly found in:

A) amino acids.

B) DNA.

C) carbohydrates.

D) fatty acids.

8) Which of the following contains both a carboxyl group and an amino group?

A) carbohydrates

B) nucleotides

C) amino acids

D) lipids

9) All of the following are monosaccharides except:

A) fructose.

B) cellulose.

C) glucose.

D) deoxyribose.

10) In many cases, carbohydrates have the following ratio of elements:

A) carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of 1:2:1.