1. The body’s carbohydrate energy reserve consists of

a. glucose and fructose.

b. sugar and starch.

c. glucose and glycogen.

d. glycogen and fatty acids.

2. The most common ergogenic supplement is

a. creatine.

b. caffeine.

c. iron.

d. carnitine.

3. If an athlete exercises for a prolonged period of time, the muscles will become

a. atrophied.

b. fatigued.

c. cramped.

d. limp.

4. The fuel source for short-term energy needs is

a. glycogen.

b. fatty acids.

c. fructose.

d. amino acids.

5. The most appropriate pregame meal would be

a. pasta with cream sauce and apple juice.

b. cheese and fruit.

c. cereal with skim milk and orange juice.

d. a bagel with cream cheese and water.

6. Long-term energy needs are provided by

a. glucose and fatty acids.

b. glycogen and fatty acids.

c. ascorbic acid and fatty acids.

d. glycogen and amino acids.

7. For the body to maintain a high level of steady exercise

a. there must be ample fat stores.

b. there must be sufficient oxygen available to the cells.

c. it must revert to an aerobic phase of metabolism.

d. energy expenditure must decrease.

8. To prepare for an athletic event of high endurance, the proper glycogen-loading process is

a. intensive workouts and very high intake of complex carbohydrates.

b. intensive workouts 2 to 3 times a day and high intake of simple carbohydrates.

c. gradual tapering of workouts and increasing carbohydrate intake.

d. gradual tapering of workouts and decreasing carbohydrate intake.

9. Dehydration is not affected by

a. surrounding temperature.

b. body fat content.

c. level of fitness.

d. the pregame or pre-exercise state of hydration.

10. The effect of exercise on blood lipoprotein levels is to

a. decrease low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and decrease high-density lipoproteins (HDLs).

b. increase LDLs and increase HDLs.

c. increase LDLs and decrease HDLs.

d. decrease LDLs and increase HDLs.