101.About how many kcalories are supplied by 250 mL of a typical sports drink?

a.5–10 kcal

b.50–100 kcal

c.250–500 kcal

d.500–1000 kcal

102.Which of the following remedies would be the best choice for physically active people who need to rehydrate?

a.sweat replacers

b.salt tablets and tap water

c.diluted juice or cool water

d.water warmed to body temperature

103.Which of the following is the chief adverse effect of drinking a carbonated beverage before engaging in athletic activity?

a.The carbonic acid inhibits fluid absorption.

b.The bubbles induce chronic burping and so inhibit performance.

c.The bubbles induce feelings of fullness quickly and so limit fluid intake.

d.The carbonic acid promotes gastroesophageal reflux, leading to upper GI discomfort.

104.Which of the following is the most significant rationale for eliminating alcohol intake during athletic performance?

a.Alcohol is not metabolized in muscle.

b.Alcohol inhibits glycogen breakdown.

c.Alcohol inhibits creatine phosphate synthesis.

d.Alcohol interferes with ATP synthesis in the liver.

105.What is the greatest concern with use of enhanced water by athletes?

a.unnecessary expense.

b.vitamin intakes above the recommended upper limit.

c.risk of hypernatremia.

d.abdominal cramps, nausea and diarrhea

106.Which of the following should be a component of a healthy nutrition regimen for athletes?

a.salt tablets

b.protein powders

c.nutrient-dense foods

d.vitamin and mineral supplements

107.Which of the following is the recommended amount of dietary carbohydrate for an athlete training for a marathon?

a.about 2 g/kg body weight

b.about 4 g/kg body weight

c.about 8 g/kg body weight

d.about 12 g/kg body weight

108.Which of the following should be the composition of the final  meal before an athletic event?

a.high-protein, providing 30 kcal per kg body weight

b.vegetable and fruit juices, providing 100–200 kcal

c.high-carbohydrate, low-fibre, providing 300–800 kcal

d.high-fibre, providing 200–300 kcal and liberal amounts of fluid

109.Which of the following foods is poorly tolerated by many athletes?

a.pasta

b.beans

c.breads

d.potatoes

110.Why should fibre-rich foods be avoided in an athlete’s pre-game meal?

a.The fibre delays absorption of fat.

b.The fibre interferes with glycolysis.

c.The fibre crowds out more energy-dense foods.

d.The fibre retains water in the GI tract that would otherwise be absorbed.