101) Vertebral veins

A) are located within the fold of dura mater lying between the cerebral hemispheres.

B) fuse with the radial and ulnar veins.

C) travel a short distance inside the thoracic cavity to meet and merge with the external and internal jugular veins, forming the innominate vein.

D) combine to create the superior vena cava.

E) drain the posterior surface of the skull, descending within the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae.

102) Which of the following is a remnant of a short, muscular blood vessel that existed in the fetus?

A) hepatic portal

B) ligamentum arteriosum

C) ductus arteriosus

D) umbilical artery

E) fossa ovalis

103) Which of the following is a shunt (short-circuit) that exists between the pulmonary and aortic trunks in the fetus?

A) ductus arteriosus

B) ligamentum arteriosum

C) foramen ovale

D) fossa ovalis

E) ductus venosus

104) In a fetus, blood from the right atrium can flow freely to the left atrium through the ________, thus bypassing the pulmonary circuit.

A) foramen ovale

B) ductus arteriosus

C) fossa ovalis

D) ductus venosus

E) ligamentum arteriosum

105) Regarding the placental blood supply, blood that bypasses the liver capillaries reaches the inferior vena cava within the ________.

A) umbilical vein

B) ductus arteriosus

C) pulmonary trunk

D) foramen ovale

E) ductus venosus

106) Which age-related change is defined as the formation of a stationary blood clot?

A) aneurysm

B) pulmonary embolism

C) atherosclerotic plaque

D) thrombus

E) myocardial infarction