11) Histamine causes which of the following?

A) TLR production

B) increased permeability and dilation of blood vessels

C) antibody production

D) complement protein production

E) the anti-inflammatory response

12) Which part of the innate response cuts holes in the cell membranes of pathogens?

A) complement proteins

B) histamines

C) antibodies

D) cytokines

E) fibrin

13) Which part of the innate response can sometimes kill bacteria outright but mainly speeds up metabolism, improving the immune response?

A) histamine

B) macrophage attack

C) protective immunity

D) fever

E) fibrin

14) Which of the following best describes the place adaptive immunity occupies in the animal kingdom?

A) All animals except sponges have adaptive immunity.

B) Only vertebrates, echinoderms, and mollusks have adaptive immunity.

C) Only vertebrates have adaptive immunity.

D) Only mammals have adaptive immunity.

E) Only humans have adaptive immunity.

15) Lymphocytes and other white blood cells are produced in the:

A) thymus gland.

B) lymph nodes.

C) bone marrow.

D) heart.

16) Lymphocytes that become part of cell-mediated immunity arm of the adaptive immune response develop in the:

A) bone marrow.

B) thymus.

C) intestine.

D) lymph nodes.

E) spleen.

17) Lymphocytes that become part of antibody-mediated immunity arm of the adaptive immune response develop in the:

A) bone marrow.

B) thymus.

C) intestine.

D) lymph nodes.

E) spleen.

18) The lymphocyte group that includes both CD4 receptor “helper” and CD8 receptor “killer” cells would be the:

A) macrophages.

B) mast cells.

C) dendritic cells.

D) T-cells.

E) B-cells.

19) The lymphocyte group that includes antibody-producing cells would be the:

A) macrophages.

B) mast cells.

C) dendritic cells.

D) T-cells.

E) B-cells.

20) Lymphatic tissue closely associated with the bloodstream as well as lymphatic circulation is found in the:

A) tonsils.

B) spleen.

C) thymus.

D) bone marrow.

E) intestine.