11. The child with Down syndrome should be evaluated for which condition before participating in some sports?

a. Hyperflexibility

b. Cutis marmorata

c. Atlantoaxial instability

d. Speckling of iris (Brushfield spots)

12. Many of the physical characteristics of Down syndrome present nursing problems. Care of the child should include which intervention?

a. Delay feeding solid foods until the tongue thrust has stopped.

b. Modify diet as necessary to minimize the diarrhea that often occurs.

c. Provide calories appropriate to child’s age.

d. Use a cool-mist vaporizer to keep mucous membranes moist.

13. A child has just been diagnosed with fragile X syndrome. The nurse recognizes that fragile X syndrome is:

a. a chromosomal defect affecting females only.

b. a chromosomal defect that follows the pattern of X-linked recessive disorders.

c. the second most common genetic cause of mental retardation.

d. the most common cause of noninherited mental retardation.

14. A school nurse is performing hearing screening on school children. The nurse recognizes that distortion of sound and problems in discrimination are characteristic of which type of hearing loss?

a. Conductive

b. Sensorineural

c. Mixed conductive-sensorineural

d. Central auditory imperceptive

15. A school nurse is performing hearing screening on school children. The nurse recognizes that the most common type of hearing loss resulting from interference of transmission of sound to the middle ear is characteristic of which type of hearing loss?

a. Conductive

b. Sensorineural

c. Mixed conductive-sensorineural

d. Central auditory imperceptive

16. Hearing is expressed in decibels (dB), or units of loudness. Which is the softest sound a normal ear can hear?

a. 0 dB

b. 10 dB

c. 40 to 50 dB

d. 100 dB

17. The nurse should suspect a hearing impairment in an infant who demonstrates which behavior?

a. Absence of the Moro reflex

b. Absence of babbling by age 7 months

c. Lack of eye contact when being spoken to

d. Lack of gesturing to indicate wants after age 15 months

18. The nurse is talking with a 10-year-old boy who wears bilateral hearing aids. The left hearing aid is making an annoying whistling sound that the child cannot hear. Which is the most appropriate nursing action?

a. Ignore the sound.

b. Ask him to reverse the hearing aids in his ears.

c. Suggest he reinsert the hearing aid.

d. Suggest he raise the volume of the hearing aid.

19. Which is an implanted ear prosthesis for children with sensorineural hearing loss?

a. Hearing aid

b. Cochlear implant

c. Auditory implant

d. Amplification device

20. A nurse is caring for a hearing-impaired child who lip reads. The nurse should plan which intervention to facilitate lip reading?

a. Speak at an even rate.

b. Exaggerate pronunciation of words.

c. Avoid using facial expressions.

d. Repeat in exactly the same way if child does not understand.