11.Tiffany is a strict vegan and does not consume calcium-rich plant foods or supplements of calcium. Which of the following substances is most responsible for maintaining her blood calcium levels in the normal range?

a.calcitonin

b.calmodulin

c.hydroxyapatite

d.parathyroid hormone

12.The bones, the intestines, and which of the following organ systems responds to maintain calcium homeostasis?

a.liver

b.pancreas

c.kidneys

d.brain

13.The muscle stiffness that results from abnormally high calcium levels in the blood is termed which of the following?

a.calcium rigour

b.calcium tetany

c.myosinotoxicosis

d.calmodulin dysfunction

14.Calcium absorption is facilitated by the presence of which of the following substances?

a.fibre

b.lactose

c.phytic acid

d.oxalic acid

15.Which of the following is known to enhance calcium absorption from the GI tract?

a.lactose

b.oxalates

c.phytates

d.lack of stomach acid

16.Which of the following foods are significant sources of oxalates?

a.seeds and nuts

b.processed cheeses

c.fermented dairy products

d.spinach and sweet potatoes

17.How much calcium would typically be absorbed by a normal adult with a calcium intake of 1000 mg?

a.100 mg

b.300 mg

c.600 mg

d.950 mg

18.Which of the following dietary substances is known to adversely affect calcium balance?

a.a low-fibre diet

b.lactose in the diet

c.ascorbic acid in the diet

d.limited phosphorus in the diet

19.Calcium-binding protein acts within which body area?

a.kidneys

b.intestines

c.cortical bone

d.trabecular bone

20.Which of the following abnormalities is a risk of consuming calcium supplements above the UL?

a.calcium tetany

b.atrophic gastritis

c.vitamin D deficiency

d.kidney stone formation