111. ADH increases the permeability of the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts by 
A. incorporating aquaporin-3 channels into the apical membrane.
B. increasing the number of sodium transpot proteins in the membranes.
C. incorporating aquaporin-2 channels into the apical membrane.
D. decreasing the number of aquaporin-4 channels in the apical membrane.

112.  Atrial natriuretic hormone  
A.  promotes the secretion of ADH.
B.  is secreted by the posterior pituitary.
C.  causes the formation of concentrated urine.
D.  is secreted when atrial blood pressure increases.
E.  is secreted when atrial blood pressure decreases.

113.  Autoregulation in the kidney involves changes in the degree of  
A.  constriction of afferent arterioles.
B.  sympathetic stimulation.
C.  aldosterone secretion.
D.  ADH secretion.
E.  None of these choices is correct.

114.  Intense sympathetic stimulation of the kidney  
A.  is necessary for normal kidney metabolism.
B.  causes the release of epinephrine from the kidney.
C.  decreases renal flow.
D.  increases filtration rate.
E.  does not alter filtration rate.

115.  If extracellular fluid osmolality is 385 mOsm/kg, the kidneys will increase reabsorption of  
A.  urea.
B.  water.
C.  sodium.
D.  potassium.
E.  chloride.

116.  Blood loss that occurs during surgery will stimulate cells in the  
A.  efferent arteriole.
B.  wall of the right atrium.
C.  proprioceptors.
D.  juxtaglomerular apparatus.
E.  None of these choices is correct.

117.  Put the following in the correct order after the blood pressure increases.
(1) decreased sympathetic stimulation
(2) increase in glomerulus filtration rate
(3) increase in arterial blood pressure
(4) increase in urine production
(5) afferent arterioles dilate  
A.  1, 3, 5, 2, 4
B.  3, 2, 1, 5, 4
C.  2, 3, 5, 1, 4
D.  3, 1, 5, 2, 4
E.  3, 2, 5, 4, 1

118.  When macula densa cells experience increased Na⁺ concentration in the filtrate, they respond by  
A.  increasing afferent arteriole constriction.
B.  decreasing urine production.
C.  decreasing renin secretion.
D.  increasing aldosterone secretion.
E.  increasing renin secretion

119.  Decreased blood pressure in the afferent arterioles results in  
A.  increased renin secretion.
B.  decreased ADH secretion.
C.  suppression of thirst.
D.  stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system.
E.  decreased renin secretion.

120.  Stretch receptors in the atria are responsible for the secretion of  
A.  ADH.
B.  renin.
C.  aldosterone.
D.  atrial natriuretic hormone.
E.  angiotensin.