111.  The androgens produced by the theca interna cells are converted to estrogen by  
A.  corpus luteal cells.
B.  FSH.
C.  granulosa cells.
D.  GnRH.
E.  primary oocyte.

112.  The gradual increase in estrogen secretion during the follicular phase is the result of  
A.  declining FSH levels.
B.  granulosa cells converting androgens to estrogen.
C.  positive feedback on the anterior pituitary.
D.  an LH surge.
E.  luteal development.

113.  Which of the listed events occurs last?  
A.  GnRH secretion is stimulated.
B.  FSH/LH positive-feedback loops produce a series of FSH/LH surges.
C.  Ovulation occurs.
D.  Estrogen produced by theca interna cells increases.
E.  FSH and LH levels increase.

114.  The hormone hCG is necessary to  
A.  form the corpus luteum.
B.  cause the endometrium to proliferate.
C.  stimulate primary oocytes to divide.
D.  keep the corpus luteum from degenerating.
E.  destroy the corpus luteum.

115.  Which of the following events happens after ovulation?  
A.  Progesterone production by follicles declines.
B.  A negative feedback effect on GnRH.
C.  LH and FSH levels continue to increase.
D.  GnRH receptors upregulate.
E.  A positive feedback effect on GnRH.

116.  Progesterone  
A.  increases fallopian tube motility.
B.  causes uterine muscle contractions.
C.  causes ovulation.
D.  causes cellular hypertrophy in the endometrium.
E.  causes cellular degeneration in the endometrium.

117.  During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, you would normally expect  
A.  that the endometrium is just beginning development.
B.  to find a follicle that is ready to ovulate.
C.  the highest levels of progesterone that occur during the menstrual cycle.
D.  the spiral glands to first appear.
E.  the lowest levels of progesterone.

118.  Normally, menstruation occurs when  
A.  blood levels of estrogen increase and progesterone levels decrease rapidly.
B.  blood levels of estrogen and progesterone increase rapidly.
C.  blood levels of FSH decrease rapidly.
D.  the corpus luteum secretes estrogen.
E.  blood levels of both female hormones decrease rapidly.

119.  Menstrual cramps are most commonly caused by  
A.  increased FSH levels.
B.  increased estrogen secretion by the ovary.
C.  increased prostaglandin secretions.
D.  increased HCG hormone release.
E.  a decreased inflammatory response in the endometrium.

120.  Which of the following statements is false?  
A.  Estrogen causes endometrial cells to proliferate.
B.  After ovulation, the endometrium becomes thicker.
C.  Rising progesterone levels cause the myometrium to contract.
D.  The uterine cycle makes the endometrium a hospitable environment for implantation.
E.  The endometrium receives the trophoblast.