121.Approximately what percentage of children, worldwide, has protein-energy malnutrition?

a.1 percent

b.5 percent

c.25 percent

d.50 percent

122.Acute protein-energy malnutrition in children is characterized by which of the following signs?

a.hyperactivity

b.shrunken liver

c.low weight for height

d.short height for weight

123.Chronic protein-energy malnutrition in children is characterized by which of the following signs?

a.hyperactivity

b.shrunken liver

c.short height for age

d.low weight for height

124.Of the following groups, who is least likely to experience protein-energy malnutrition?

a.hospitalized adults.

b.elderly living alone

c.vegetarians in industrialized countries

d.people with anorexia nervosa.

125.Marasmus occurs most commonly in children of which of the following ages?

a.1–5 months

b.6–18 months

c.1½–3 years

d.4–10 years

126.Which of the following characteristics would distinguish kwashiorkor from marasmus in a malnourished 15 month old boy?

a.wrinkled skin

b.apathy

c.enlarged fatty liver

d.extremely thin, bony appearance

127.Which of the following signs would you expect to see in a person with kwashiorkor?

a.weight loss

b.voracious appetite

c.increased infection rate

d.increased physical activity

128.Which of the following signs is associated with the presence of tissue edema in kwashiorkor?

a.inadequate intake of water

b.excessive intake of dietary protein

c.low concentration of blood protein

d.high concentration of blood protein

129.Which of the following is a characteristic of marasmus?

a.results in enlarged fatty liver

b.affects brain development only minimally

c.mainly affects children aged 6 to 18 months

d.associated with loss of appetite

130.Which of the following conditions is associated with edema?

a.excessive use of certain drugs, which causes high excretion of water and amino acids

b.above-normal concentration of blood proteins, which causes fluid to leak from the blood vessels

c.diminished concentration of blood proteins and hormones, which causes fluid to leak from the blood vessels

d.excessive protein in the diet leading to increased retention of fluid, especially in the extravascular spaces