21. Factors that commonly contribute to malnutrition in older adults include

a. type 2 diabetes and heart disease.

b. loss of teeth or poorly fitting dentures.

c. a weight 10% above desirable standards.

d. increased energy and nutrient needs.

22. The protein needs of an older adult are influenced by the adequacy of _____ intake.

a. fiber

b. caloric

c. vitamin

d. mineral

23. Dehydration is more common in older adults than in younger adults because

a. the kidneys excrete too much water.

b. the thirst mechanism diminishes.

c. intracellular versus extracellular water balance is disturbed.

d. more water needs to be ingested to maintain hydration.

24. Factors that influence the nutrition needs of young adults include

a. growth.

b. climate.

c. personality type.

d. physical activity.

25. Feeding older adults with sensitivity includes

a. giving sufficient time to chew and swallow.

b. serving only pureed foods.

c. avoiding liquids with meals.

d. serving bland foods.

26. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) identifies

a. emotional stability.

b. nutritional risk.

c. vitamin deficiency.

d. social isolation.

27. A major factor in weight control is

a. physical activity.

b. mineral supplementation.

c. steroid use.

d. vitamin supplementation.

28. Examples of foods high in nutrients that help prevent osteoporosis are

a. cottage cheese and oranges.

b. yogurt and canned salmon.

c. oatmeal and green leafy vegetables.

d. broccoli and liver.

29. Older adults need more vitamin D than younger adults because they

a. are less efficient at making their own.

b. are in a state of positive calcium balance.

c. excrete large amounts in their urine.

d. do not eat enough fat to absorb the vitamin efficiently.

30. For residents in long-term care facilities the type of diet model recommended is

a. most restrictive.

b. least restrictive.

c. no sugar.

d. low protein.