21. The nurse is taking care of an adolescent diagnosed with kyphosis. Which describes this condition?

a. Lateral curvature of the spine

b. Immobility of the shoulder joint

c. Exaggerated concave lumbar curvature of the spine

d. Increased convex angulation in the curve of the thoracic spine

22. A school nurse is conducting a staff in-service to other school nurses on idiopathic scoliosis. During which period of child development does idiopathic scoliosis become most noticeable?

a. Newborn period

b. When child starts to walk

c. Preadolescent growth spurt

d. Adolescence

23. The nurse is preparing an adolescent with scoliosis for a Luque-rod segmental spinal instrumentation procedure. Which consideration should the nurse include?

a. Nasogastric intubation and urinary catheter may be required.

b. Ambulation will not be allowed for up to 3 months.

c. Surgery eliminates the need for casting and bracing.

d. Discomfort can be controlled with nonpharmacologic methods.

24. The nurse is taking care of a 10-year-old child who has osteomyelitis. Which treatment plan is considered the primary method of treating osteomyelitis?

a. Joint replacement

b. Bracing and casting

c. Intravenous antibiotic therapy

d. Long-term corticosteroid therapy

25. A nurse is conducting a staff in-service on childhood cancers. Which is the primary site of osteosarcoma?

a. Femur

b. Humerus

c. Pelvis

d. Tibia

26. The nurse is taking care of an adolescent with osteosarcoma. The parents ask the nurse about treatment. The nurse should make which accurate response about treatment for osteosarcoma?

a. Treatment usually consists of surgery and chemotherapy.

b. Amputation of affected extremity is rarely necessary.

c. Intensive irradiation is the primary treatment.

d. Bone marrow transplantation offers the best chance of long-term survival.

27. An adolescent with osteosarcoma is scheduled for a leg amputation in 2 days. The nurse’s approach should include which action?

a. Answering questions with straightforward honesty

b. Avoiding discussing the seriousness of the condition

c. Explaining that, although the amputation is difficult, it will cure the cancer

d. Assisting the adolescent in accepting the amputation as better than a long course of chemotherapy

28. Which medication is usually tried first when a child is diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)?

a. Aspirin

b. Corticosteroids

c. Cytotoxic drugs such as methotrexate

d. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

29. The nurse is caring for a school-age child diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Which intervention should be a priority?

a. Apply ice packs to relieve stiffness and pain.

b. Administer acetaminophen to reduce inflammation.

c. Teach the child and family correct administration of medications.

d. Encourage range-of-motion exercises during periods of inflammation.

30. The nurse is caring for a 12-year-old child with a left leg below the knee amputation (BKA). The child had the surgery 1 week ago. Which intervention should the nurse plan to implement for this child?

a. Elevate the left stump on a pillow.

b. Place ice pack on the stump.

c. Encourage the child to use an overhead bed trapeze when repositioning.

d. Replace the ace wrap covering the stump with a gauze dressing.