21) What is chyme?

A) ulcerations of the esophageal lining

B) healthy bacteria of the small intestine

C) mixture of partially digested food, water, and gastric juices

D) substance that allows for the emulsification of dietary lipid

22) Which of the following does NOT occur in the acidic conditions of the stomach?

A) pancreatic enzymes working effectively to digest carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

B) protection of the human body from bacteria in food

C) denaturing of protein to allow its breakdown and absorption

D) activation of pepsin

23) Sodium bicarbonate is secreted by the pancreas and functions to

A) activate enzymes that begin protein digestion.

B) neutralize stomach acid.

C) regulate digestive activity and increase peristalsis.

D) emulsify fat.

24) The brush border is located in the

A) esophagus.

B) stomach.

C) small intestine.

D) large intestine.

25) What is the name of the sphincter that separates the stomach from the small intestine?

A) pyloric

B) lower esophageal

C) ileocecal

D) gastroesophageal

26) Bile is released into which body organ in response to the ingestion of fat in the diet?

A) stomach

B) esophagus

C) large intestine

D) small intestine

27) Bile is made in the liver and stored in the

A) stomach.

B) gallbladder.

C) pancreas.

D) small intestine.

28) Responding to the presence of protein and fat in our meal, cholecystokinin (CCK) signals the gallbladder to release a substance called

A) lipase.

B) pepsin.

C) chyme.

D) bile.

29) Which organ is responsible for manufacturing and secreting digestive enzymes and bicarbonate?

A) liver

B) stomach

C) pancreas

D) gallbladder

30) What is the function of the bicarbonate that is released into the duodenum during the process of digestion?

A) to neutralize the acidic chyme

B) to activate hormonal release of bile

C) to digest fats/oils

D) to lubricate the villi of the small intestine