31. A school-age child with leukemia experienced severe nausea and vomiting when receiving chemotherapy for the first time. Which is the most appropriate nursing action to prevent or minimize these reactions with subsequent treatments?

a. Encourage drinking large amounts of favorite fluids.

b. Encourage child to take nothing by mouth (remain NPO) until nausea and vomiting subside.

c. Administer an antiemetic before chemotherapy begins.

d. Administer an antiemetic as soon as child has nausea.

32. A young child with leukemia has anorexia and severe stomatitis. The nurse should suggest that the parents try which intervention?

a. Relax any eating pressures.

b. Firmly insist that child eat normally.

c. Begin gavage feedings to supplement diet.

d. Serve foods that are either hot or cold.

33. The nurse is preparing a child for possible alopecia from chemotherapy. Which should be included?

a. Explain to child that hair usually regrows in 1 year.

b. Advise child to expose head to sunlight to minimize alopecia.

c. Explain to child that wearing a hat or scarf is preferable to wearing a wig.

d. Explain to child that when hair regrows, it may have a slightly different color or texture.

34. Which is a common clinical manifestation of Hodgkin disease?

a. Petechiae

b. Bone and joint pain

c. Painful, enlarged lymph nodes

d. Enlarged, firm, nontender lymph nodes

35. Which is caused by a virus that primarily infects a specific subset of T lymphocytes, the CD4+ T cells?

a. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

b. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

c. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

d. Severe combined immunodeficiency disease

36. A young child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is receiving several antiretroviral drugs. The purpose of these drugs is to:

a. cure the disease.

b. delay disease progression.

c. prevent spread of disease.

d. treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

37. Which immunization should be given with caution to children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

a. Influenza

b. Varicella

c. Pneumococcal

d. Inactivated poliovirus (IPV)

38. The nurse is planning care for an adolescent with AIDS. Which is the priority nursing goal?

a. Preventing infection

b. Preventing secondary cancers

c. Restoring immunologic defenses

d. Identifying source of infection

39. The school nurse is informed that a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) will be attending school soon. Which is an important nursing intervention?

a. Carefully follow universal precautions.

b. Determine how the child became infected.

c. Inform the parents of the other children.

d. Reassure other children that they will not become infected.

40. The nurse is conducting a staff in-service on inherited childhood blood disorders. Which statement describes severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCIDS)?

a. There is a deficit in both the humoral and cellular immunity with this disease.

b. Production of red blood cells is affected with this disease.

c. Adult hemoglobin is replaced by abnormal hemoglobin in this disease.

d. There is a deficiency of T and B lymphocyte production with this disease.