31.  Arrange the following structures in the order air passes through them during inhalation:
(1) alveolar ducts
(2) alveolus
(3) respiratory bronchiole
(4) terminal bronchiole  
A.  1, 2, 3, 4
B.  2, 1, 3, 4
C.  4, 3, 1, 2
D.  3, 2, 1, 4
E.  4, 3, 2, 1

32.  When people aspirate liquids or food into their lungs, the liquid or food most commonly enters the right lung rather than the left lung. This is because the right primary bronchus is __________ than the left primary bronchus.  
A.  longer
B.  thinner
C.  more vertical
D.  less ciliated
E.  shorter

33.  The diameter of bronchioles can change because their walls contain  
A.  smooth muscle.
B.  skeletal muscle.
C.  fibrous cartilage.
D.  hyaline cartilage.
E.  elastic cartilage.

34.  From largest to smallest, the correct sequence for the following passageways is  
A.  bronchi, bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, alveoli.
B.  bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli.
C.  alveoli, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi.
D.  bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli.
E.  terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli.

35.  Gas exchange between the air in the lungs and the blood takes place in the  
A.  alveoli.
B.  primary bronchi.
C.  terminal bronchioles.
D.  trachea.
E.  respiratory bronchi.

36.  Constriction of smooth muscle in the bronchioles  
A.  occurs during periods of exercise.
B.  restricts the flow of air into the lungs.
C.  decreases ciliary action.
D.  increases airflow out of the lungs.
E.  does not affect airflow.

37.  What is the function of the ciliated epithelium of the tracheobronchial tree?  
A.  to cause coughing
B.  a mucus-cilia escalator
C.  move dirt toward the alveoli
D.  All of the choices are correct

38.  The walls of the alveoli  
A.  are composed of simple squamous epithelium.
B.  contain several layers of smooth muscle.
C.  contain goblet cells.
D.  are surrounded by cartilage.
E.  are ciliated.

39.  A person has severe damage or disease in the upper area of their right lung. Surgery is necessary. The doctor would need to remove  
A.  the entire right lung.
B.  the superior lobe of the right lung.
C.  the apical bronchopulmonary segment of the right lung.
D.  only the damaged area of the apical bronchopulmonary segment.
E.  the apical, anterior, and posterior segments of the superior lobe.

40.  Which of the following statements regarding the lungs is correct?  
A.  The left lung is larger than the right lung.
B.  The left lung contains two lobes while the right lung contains three lobes.
C.  The left lung has more bronchopulmonary segments than the right lung.
D.  Only the right lung has a hilum.
E.  The left lung contains three lobes while the right lung contains two lobes.