31) In a human cell that is haploid, how many chromosomes are there? How many are autosomes, and how many are sex chromosomes?

32) What is an autosome?

A) one of the non-sex chromosomes

B) a chromosome that confers male or female sex

C) a Y chromosome

D) an X chromosome

33) A gamete from a human male contains:

A) 23 autosomes and an X chromosome.

B) 22 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome.

C) 23 autosomes and either an X or a Y chromosome.

D) 23 autosomes and a Y chromosome.

E) 22 autosomes and either an X or a Y chromosome.

34) In birds, the female carries an unmatched pair of chromosomes (denoted WZ), corresponding roughly to the XY chromosomes in mammalian males, and male birds carry a matched set of chromosomes (denoted WW), corresponding to the pair of XX chromosomes in mammalian females. Therefore, in birds the ________ chromosome determines the sex of the offspring, and it is gametes from the ________ parent that determine sex.

A) Z; male

B) Z; female

C) W; female

D) W; male

E) W; either male or female

35) In gamete formation, the starting cells in females are the ________, and the starting cells in males are ________.

A) primary oocytes; prmary spermatocytes

B) primary spermatocytes; primary oocytes

C) oogonia; spermatogonia

D) spermatogonia; oogonia

E) ooctyes; spermatids

36) What would the consequence be if spermatogonia were not stem cells?

A) Only a limited quantity of sperm could be produced by males, and then no more could be produced.

B) Sperm would be diploid rather than haploid.

C) Sperm would have to be produced by mitosis instead of meiosis.

D) Mature spermatids would make more sperm by meiosis.

37) In a human female, what happens to the collection of oocytes in the ovaries once puberty begins?

A) The oocytes all mature into eggs as soon as puberty is reached.

B) Ovulation stimulates all of the oocytes to complete meiosis II.

C) One oocyte per month matures and completes meiosis I.

D) One oocyte per month matures and completes meiosis I and meiosis II.

E) All ooctyes are expelled from the ovaries to complete meiosis II.

A) 23 autosomes and an X or a Y chromosome.

B) 22 autosomes and an X or a Y chromosome.

C) 46 chromosomes, as 23 pairs.

D) 22 pairs of autosomes and two X chromosomes.

E) 22 autosomes and one X chromosome.

39) In the process of egg production, one cell produced during meiosis will become the egg, and the other three will become:

A) primary oocytes.

B) oogonia.

C) primary bodies.

D) polar bodies.

40) What is the fate of sperm that are never released?

A) They are stored indefinitely.

B) Their cell cycles are stopped in meiosis I.

C) They continue dividing by mitosis to produce more mature sperm.

D) They are destroyed by the body’s immune system.

E) They combine to make diploid spermatogonia.