31) The external carotid artery serves the skin and muscles of the head and:

A) armpit

B) groin

C) neck

D) abdomen

E) leg

32) Which of these veins returns blood to the superior vena cava:

A) brachiocephalic veins

B) renal veins

C) hepatic portal vein

D) common iliac veins

E) great saphenous veins

33) The right and left renal veins empty blood from the:

A) kidneys

B) common iliac vein

C) inferior vena cava

D) hepatic portal vein

E) vertebral vein

34) The external iliac vein receives blood from all of the following EXCEPT:

A) anterior tibial vein

B) fibular vein

C) popliteal vein

D) femoral vein

E) vertebral vein

35) The brachial vein:

A) drains blood from the radial and ulnar veins, then empties that blood into the axillary vein

B) drains blood from the internal jugular vein, then empties that blood into the superior vena cava

C) drains blood from the popliteal vein, then empties that blood into the external iliac vein

D) drains blood from the axillary vein, then empties that blood into the superior vena cava

E) drains blood from the popliteal vein, then empties that blood into the femoral vein

36) The umbilical vein carries:

A) metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide from the fetus to the placenta

B) metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide from the placenta to the fetus

C) oxygen and nutrients from the fetus to the placenta

D) oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus

E) blood from the navel into the inferior vena cava

37) Which fetal shunt bypasses the lungs by directly connecting the right atrium and the left atrium:

A) ligamentum arteriosum

B) umbilical vein

C) foramen ovale

D) ductus arteriosus

E) ductus venosus

38) Which one of the following areas is NOT a pressure point:

A) renal artery

B) radial artery

C) facial artery

D) dorsalis pedis artery

E) posterior tibial artery

39) Which of the following vessels has the lowest blood pressure:

A) veins

B) capillaries

C) venae cavae

D) arteries

E) arterioles

40) The friction blood encounters as it flows through the vessels is called:

A) cardiac output

B) stroke volume

C) peripheral resistance

D) blood pressure

E) diastolic pressure

41) Generalized vasoconstriction occurs as a result of:

A) an increase in parasympathetic nervous system firing

B) a decrease in parasympathetic nervous system firing

C) an increase in sympathetic nervous system firing

D) a decrease in sympathetic nervous system firing

E) an increase in blood pressure

42) Which of the following hormones promotes sodium ion reabsorption by the kidney in order to increase blood pressure and blood volume:

A) glucagon

B) thyroxine

C) epinephrine

D) aldosterone

E) antidiuretic hormone

43) Which of the following is NOT a method or pathway of movement for substances traveling across a capillary wall:

A) intercellular clefts

B) diffusion

C) endocytosis or exocytosis

D) tight junctions

E) fenestrated capillaries

44) Substances tend to leave the bloodstream at the arterial end of the capillary because:

A) the osmotic pressure of the blood is higher at the arterial end of the capillary

B) the osmotic pressure of the blood is higher at the venule end of the capillary

C) blood pressure is higher at the arterial end of the capillary

D) blood pressure is higher at the venule end of the capillary

E) interstitial pressure is higher at the arterial end of the capillary

45) Coronary heart disease results from:

A) persistent parasympathetic nervous system stimulation of the heart

B) the accumulation of fatty substances within blood vessels

C) temporary loss of oxygen to the heart

D) incompetent venous valves

E) scar tissue in the myocardium of the heart from repeated myocardial infarctions