31.Which of the following is a function of sphincter muscles?

a.control peristalsis

b.grind large food particles

c.secrete digestive juices into the GI tract

d.control the passage of food through the GI tract

32.The lower esophageal sphincter is also known as which of the following?

a.reflux restrainer

b.cardiac sphincter

c.perihepatic control valve

d.reverse peristalsis inhibitor

33.What is reflux?

a.hard, dry, stools

b.backward flow of chyme

c.soft, poorly formed stools

d.the mixture of bile and pancreatic juice

34.What types of enzymes are responsible for hydrolyzing the proteins in foods?

a.lipases

b.salivases

c.proteases

d.carbohydrases

35.Which of the following organs are directly involved in the digestion of protein?

a.Stomach, salivary glands and pancreas

b.Stomach, pancreas and colon

c.Stomach, pancreas and jejunum.

d.Stomach, gallbladder and ileum.

36.What is the function of mucus in the stomach?

a.emulsify fats

b.neutralize stomach acid

c.activate pepsinogen to pepsin

d.protect stomach cells from gastric juices

37.What is a function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

a.It absorbs water.

b.It inhibits peristalsis.

c.It neutralizes the alkaline food mass.

d.It creates an optimum pH.

38.Which of the following best describes the normal pH of the stomach?

a.very acidic

b.slightly acidic

c.neutral

d.slightly alkaline

39.Why is there little or no digestion of starch in the stomach?

a.Mucus inhibits starch breakdown.

b.Stomach enzymes are dysfunctional.

c.Starch has already been adequately digested by salivary enzymes.

d.Salivary enzymes do not work in an acid environment.

40.What is the fate of any enzymes that are present in the foods we eat?

a.hydrolyzed in the GI tract

b.absorbed intact by the stomach

c.absorbed intact by the small intestine

d.passed through the GI tract and excreted in the stool