51.What are the products from the complete oxidation of fatty acids?

a.urea and acetone

b.gatty acids and glycerol

c.carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

d.water, carbon dioxide, and energy

52.In addition to energy, which of these components are the principal end products of cellular oxidation of carbohydrates?

a.water and carbon dioxide

b.carbon, hydrogen, and urea

c.indigestible fibre and nitrogen

d.monosaccharides and amino acids

53.In which of the following groups are the products all generated via the TCA cycle or electron transport chain?

a.water, energy, ammonia

b.energy, ammonia, carbon dioxide

c.ammonia, carbon dioxide, water

d.carbon dioxide, water, energy

54.At what point is oxygen used in the electron transport chain?

a.at the end

b.at every step

c.at the beginning

d.when ATP is synthesized

55.In which of the following groups are the products all generated from the electron transport chain pathway?

a.CO_2, urea, water

b.urea, water, energy

c.water, energy, CO₂

d.energy, CO_2, urea

56.Which of the following accounts for the higher energy density of a fatty acid compared with the other energy-yielding nutrients?

a.Fatty acids have a lower percentage of hydrogen-carbon bonds.

b.Fatty acids have a greater percentage of hydrogen-carbon bonds.

c.Other energy-yielding nutrients have a lower percentage of oxygen-carbon bonds.

d.Other energy-yielding nutrients undergo fewer metabolic reactions, thereby lowering the energy yield.

57.The number of ATP molecules that can be produced from a molecule of protein, fat, or carbohydrate is generally related to the number of atoms of which element?

a.carbon

b.oxygen

c.nitrogen

d.hydrogen

58.Approximately how many molecules of ATP are generated from the complete oxidation of 1 molecule of glucose?

a.4

b.9

c.32

d.130

59.Approximately how many ATP molecules are synthesized from the complete oxidation of 1 molecule of palmitic acid?

a.9

b.27

c.98

d.129

60.Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the body’s higher metabolic efficiency of converting a molecule of corn oil into stored fat compared with a molecule of sucrose?

a.There are more potential pathways for disposal of carbohydrates than fats which reduce the efficiency.

b.The presence of oxygen in the corn oil molecule increases the potential for oxidation.

c.Fat contains more carbon-hydrogen bonds that can be oxidized

d.Because the energy content of corn oil is higher than sucrose, the energy cost of conversion into stored fat requires a smaller percentage of the nutrient’s energy.