51.Your college dormitory roommate, James, told you that he’s had anemia for quite some time and that it’s from having abnormally-shaped hemoglobin. What type of anemia does James have?

a.sickle-cell anemia

b.macrocytic anemia

c.iron-deficiency anemia

d.low oxygen-carrying anemia

52.A common genetic variation which causes a change in the amino acid sequence in the structure of hemoglobin leads to which of the following diseases?

a.diabetes

b.marasmus

c.kwashiorkor

d.sickle-cell anemia

53.Why are red blood cells altered in shape in sickle-cell anemia?

a.Iron is no longer present within the haemoglobin molecule.

b.Haemoglobin is missing two of its polypeptide chains.

c.Lack of oxygen interferes with haemoglobin replication.

d.The amino acid sequence is abnormal in two of the polypeptide chains.

54.What is the structure of an enzyme?

a.lipid

b.protein

c.nucleic acid

d.carbohydrate

55.What protein is intimately involved in the formation of scar tissue in wound healing?

a.albumin

b.thrombin

c.collagen

d.hydroxyproline

56.What type of protein would the body make in order to heal a wound?

a.ferritin

b.albumin

c.collagen

d.hemoglobin

57.Which of the following is a characteristic of hormones?

a.inactivates bacteria

b.acts as messenger molecules

c.coordinates visual response

d.acts as buffers in the bloodstream

58.What is the relationship between body proteins and water?

a.Proteins attract water.

b.Water attracts proteins.

c.Water degrades proteins.

d.Proteins form polymers of water.

59.Which of the following can lead to edema??

a.excessive protein intake

b.insufficient protein synthesis by the liver

c.excessive protein retention by the kidneys

d.insufficient protein in the interstitial spaces

60.Tissue swelling that result from water accumulating between cells is known as which of the following conditions?

a.edema

b.acidosis

c.alkalosis

d.extravascularization