58.Having a clear perception of reality and accepting self, others, and the world are characteristics of:

a.self-actualization.

b.self-esteem.

c.self-awareness.

d.self-efficacy.

59.According to Maslow, which of the following needs will predominate if there is a conflict among needs?

a.Need to spend time at concerts and museums

b.Need to stay informed about events in the world

c.Need to belong to a family

d.Need to be seen as a unique individual

60.Mrs. Baker is concerned about Jane being left out by her peers, so she gives Jane the job of class librarian in an attempt to increase the number of interactions between Jane and her classmates. Mrs. Baker was most concerned with what level of Maslow’s hierarchy?

a.Belonging

b.Safety

c.Self-actualization

d.Physical

61.Of the following, which is the best example of an application of Maslow’s theory in meeting the needs of elementary-aged students?

a.Providing children with a chance to explore and gather experience

b.Providing a midmorning snack in case children haven’t eaten at home

c.Giving the children ample opportunities for success in classroom activities

d.Providing ample verbal praise for accomplishments

62.Which of the following statements would best be explained using Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

a.An individual’s first reaction to others, including teachers, is usually an assessment of how intelligent or competent they are.

b.An individual’s first reaction to others, including teachers, is usually an assessment of the extent to which they flatter and reinforce the individual.

c.An individual’s first reaction to others, including teachers, will usually be an assessment of how interesting and engaging they are.

d.An individual’s first reaction to others, including teachers, will usually be an assessment of how nice or caring they are.

63.Our first reaction to others is usually at an emotional, personal, and “human” level. This is best explained by:

a.Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

b.the need for self-determination.

c.the need to preserve our sense of self-worth.

d.the need to be reinforced by others.

64.Karen is an avid reader, and she loves reading great literature. In fact, the more she reads, the greater her interest appears to be. Using Maslow’s hierarchy as a basis, which of the following best explains Karen’s tendency?

a.Kathy is a self-actualized individual.

b.Kathy’s growth needs have been met.

c.Kathy’s belonging need has been met.

d.Kathy is compensating for low self-esteem by being an avid reader.

65.  The needs for competence, control, and relatedness are most closely related to:

a.attribution theory.

b.expectancy x value theory.

c.self-efficacy theory.

d.self-determination theory.

66.Which of the following is the best description of competence?

a.The need to act on and control one’s environment

b.The ability to function effectively in the environment

c.The ability to reach one’s full potential and be all one can be

d.Independence and an individual’s ability to alter the environment when necessary

67.The concepts of autonomy and competence most closely relates to which of the following?

a.The need for self-determination

b.The need to preserve self-worth

c.The need to avoid failure

d.The need to derive pleasure from novel or unique events