71.A decrease in behavior as a result of the elimination of something desirable is an illustration of:

a.presentation punishment.

b.removal punishment.

c.negative reinforcement.

d.positive reinforcement.

72.The technique of taking away a previously given reinforcer is referred to as:

a.presentation punishment.

b.negative reinforcement.

c.response cost.

d.vicarious conditioning.

73.When used correctly, timeout is an example of which type of operant conditioning?

a.Positive reinforcement

b.Negative reinforcement

c.Presentation punishment

d.Removal punishment

74.Mr. Anderson uses timeout as a technique in his classroom. When students misbehave, they are sent to an area at the back of his room that is isolated from the rest of the class.  Depending on the infraction, students spend a designated number of minutes in the “timeout” area.  Mr. Anderson’s technique most nearly illustrates use of which of the following?

a.Presentation punishment

b.Removal punishment

c.Positive reinforcement

d.Vicarious punishment

75.Three of the following choices are considered to be ineffective forms of punishment. Which one is viewed as an acceptable form of punishment?

a.Physical punishment

b. Embarrassment

c.Class work

d.Timeout

76.Mrs. Esser, upon seeing Kevin whispering to his neighbor, walks over to him and puts her finger to her lips, signaling “Shhh.”  Kevin stops whispering.  Focusing on Kevin’s whispering, this incident best illustrates which of the following?

a.Negative reinforcement

b.Removal punishment

c.Presentation punishment

d.Positive reinforcement

77.Antonio is a gifted athlete who loves to play football.  In his enthusiasm for sports, however, he has let his schoolwork slip, has found himself ineligible, and has been dropped from the football team.  Being dropped from the team best illustrates:

a.satiation of a behavior.

b.presentation punishment of an undesired behavior.

c.negative reinforcement of an undesirable behavior.

d.removal punishment of an undesired behavior.

78.Luke hits his dog.  Mom decides that when he hits the dog, she will put him in his room for 3 minutes.  His hitting behavior has decreased. Mom’s putting Luke in his room illustrates which type of operant conditioning?

a.Positive reinforcement

b.Negative reinforcement

c.Presentation punishment

d.Removal punishment

79.At Plains High School, students who are tardy to class are given “Yard Patrol” after school.  Yard patrol amounts to cleaning up any trash found on the school grounds.  The practice of having the students clean up the trash is best described as an attempt to apply which of the following concepts from behaviorism?

a.Negative reinforcement

b.Presentation punishment

c.Satiation

d.Discrimination

80.Assertive discipline is a behavioral approach to classroom management.  Assertive discipline suggests that a teacher state rules in clear, simple, concise terms, and the first time the student breaks the rule, his/her name is written on the board. Each infraction thereafter results in a check by the name, and four checks leads to 1/2 hour of detention.  The detention best illustrates:

a.positive reinforcement.

b.negative reinforcement.

c.removal punishment.

d.extinction.