71.  If the hydrogen ion concentration in the blood increases, bicarbonate ions act as buffers by  
A.  removing excess hydrogen ions from the plasma.
B.  releasing hydrogen ions into the plasma.
C.  dissociating into H+ and CO₃^–.
D.  combining with chloride ions.
E.  combining with hemoglobin.

72.  Which of the following is NOT a buffer system of the body?  
A.  bicarbonate buffer system
B.  phosphate buffer system
C.  protein buffer system
D.  NaCl buffer system
E.  hemoglobin buffer

73.  Body fluid pH will rise dramatically when  
A.  sodium is excreted by the kidney.
B.  large amounts of bicarbonate are ingested.
C.  carbonic acid is formed.
D.  the respiratory rate decreases.
E.  carbon dioxide levels increase.

74.  As a result of hyperventilation,  
A.  the body pH decreases.
B.  the plasma PCO₂ level decreases.
C.  the kidney will increase the rate of hydrogen ion excretion.
D.  more bicarbonate ions are added to the plasma.
E.  the plasma PCO₂ level increases.

75.  An increase in blood CO₂ levels is followed by a(n) ____ in H⁺ ions and a(n) ____ in blood pH.  
A.  decrease, decrease
B.  decrease, increase
C.  increase, increase
D.  increase, decrease
E.  increase, no change

76.  Which of the following terms does not belong with the other three?  
A.  acidosis
B.  pH increases
C.  H⁺ ion concentration increases
D.  carbonic acid levels increase
E.  pH decreases

77.  Mr. I.M.A. Wreck’s plasma pH is 7.2. Which of the following indicates that the body is attempting to compensate and return the body pH to normal?  
A.  an increase in respiration rate
B.  a decrease in respiration rate
C.  no change in respiration rate

78.  In renal compensation of acidosis,  
A.  H⁺ secretion decreases; bicarbonate excretion increases.
B.  H⁺ secretion decreases; bicarbonate reabsorption increases.
C.  H⁺ secretion increases; bicarbonate reabsorption increases.
D.  H⁺ secretion increases; bicarbonate excretion increases.
E.  H⁺ secretion decreases; bicarbonate excretion decreases.

79.  Which of the following can play a role in buffering the pH of urine?  
A.  ammonia
B.  bicarbonate ions
C.  phosphate ions
D.  ammonia and bicarbonate ions
E.  ammonia, bicarbonate ions and phosphate ions

80.  The normal pH for blood plasma is  
A.  7.00.
B.  7.25 – 7.35.
C.  7.35 – 7.45.
D.  7.45 – 7.55.
E.  6.80 – 7.20.