81.Inflammation is characterized by an increase in which of the following factors?

a.adipocytes

b.leukocytes

c.immune cells

d.subcutaneous fat stores

82.Which of the following statements illustrates the association between type 2 diabetes and body fat?

a.People with the disease often have central obesity rather than lower-body obesity.

b.A woman who has gained 5.5 kg  since age 18 has doubled her risk of developing the disease.

c.An obese person is 3 times more likely to develop the disease than is a nonobese individual.

d.Overweight people with the disease who lose weight show no improvement in glucose tolerance and insulin resistance.

83.What is the resulting condition for a person who suffers from insulin resistance?

a.type 1 diabetes

b.type 2 diabetes

c.metabolic syndrome

d.pancreatic failure

84.The major cause of insulin resistance is related to which of these factors?

a.low-protein diets

b.high-protein diets

c.excess body weight

d.prolonged excess carbohydrate intake

85.Which of the following statements describes an association between body weight and mortality?

a.Obesity is the fourth leading cause of premature death.

b.Overweight men who are physically fit have a lower mortality risk than normal-weight, unfit men.

c.Normal-weight men who are physically unfit have a similar mortality risk versus normal-weight fit men.

d.The amount of weight gain in adulthood that is not associated with increased mortality is 9 kg or less.

86.Which of the following statements may best explain the relationship between excess body fat and higher risk for cancers of the female reproductive system?

a.Obese women are more sedentary, which promotes cancer development.

b.The higher levels of body fat act as a reservoir of carcinogenic substances.

c.Excess body fat produces more estrogen, which may promote tumour development.

d.The greater food consumption of obese women provides a higher intake of naturally-occurring carcinogens.

87.Which of these terms is given to the condition of a female athlete who has an eating disorder and develops amenorrhea and osteoporosis?

a.female athlete triad

b.triathlete medical disorder

c.high stress tertiary disorder

d.non-adaptable training syndrome

88.Among people with binge-eating disorder, approximately what percentage are females?

a.5 percent

b.15 percent

c.25 percent

d.50 percent

89.What is the most prevalent eating disorder?

a.bulimia nervosa

b.anorexia nervosa

c.binge-eating disorder

d.athlete triad

90.What is an emetic?

a.an appetite-suppressant

b.an inhibitor of intestinal lipase

c.a substance that induces vomiting

d.an over-the-counter weight loss product