91.  The Bohr effect refers to the  
A.  mechanism involved in diffusion of nitrogen into the blood.
B.  physical laws governing the solubility of gases in fluids.
C.  effect of pH on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve.
D.  chemical equilibrium between carbonic acid and bicarbonate in the blood.
E.  effect of temperature on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve.

92.  Most oxygen is carried in the blood ______; but most carbon dioxide is ________.  
A.  dissolved in plasma; associated with salt or acid
B.  bound to hemoglobin; associated with bicarbonate ions in the plasma
C.  combined with albumin; associated with carbonic acid
D.  bound to hemoglobin; bound to albumin
E.  bound to plasma proteins; carried as carbon dioxide

93.  Mr. Jones has a blood pH of 7.00 and a temperature of 100.5?F. His oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve would  
A.  shift to the right, causing more O₂ to be released to his cells.
B.  shift to the left, allowing less O₂ to be released to his cells.
C.  show no change, allowing the O₂ concentration to remain stable.

94.  When 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) levels increase, hemoglobin  
A.  releases less oxygen to tissues.
B.  releases more carbon dioxide to tissues.
C.  releases more oxygen to tissues.
D.  releases less carbon dioxide to tissues.
E.  None of these choices is correct.

95.  As temperature increases, how would this affect the oxyhemoglobin-dissociation curve?  
A.  shift it to the left
B.  shift it to the right
C.  no change
D.  shift it up
E.  None of these choices is correct

96.  Hemoglobin that has oxygen attached is called  
A.  hemoglobin-oxygen complex.
B.  carbaminohemoglobin.
C.  oxyhemoglobin.
D.  deoxyhemoglobin.
E.  globoxygen.

97.  As acidity increases, how does this affect the affinity of hemoglobin for the oxygen it carries?  
A.  Oxyhemoglobin affinity decreases.
B.  Oxyhemoglobin affinity increases.
C.  Oxyhemoglobin affinity remains the same.
D.  Hemoglobin loses its affinity for oxygen.
E.  None of these choices is correct.

98.  How does carbon monoxide affect red blood cells (RBCs)?  
A.  It causes them to shrivel.
B.  The hemoglobin within the RBC bind to carbon monoxide.
C.  The hemoglobin rejects carbon monoxide.
D.  The RBCs clump together.
E.  The carbon monoxide converts to carbon dioxide.

99.  Why is transfused blood discarded after about 6 weeks of storage?   
A.  It can not bind to oxygen anymore.
B.  It becomes too thick.
C.  The BPG levels are too low for adequate release of oxygen to tissues.
D.  The percent oxygen saturation is too low.

100.  Why is fetal hemoglobin very efficient at picking up oxygen?  
A.  The BPG levels are much higher than in maternal hemoglobin.
B.  The fetal oxygen-dissociation curve is to the right of the maternal oxygen-dissociation curve.
C.  The concentration of fetal hemoglobin is 10% greater than the concentration of maternal hemoglobin.
D.  The fetal oxygen-dissociation curve is to the left of the maternal oxygen-dissociation curve.