A Sociocultural View of Development: The Work of Lev Vygotsky

80.Of the following, which description best outlines the characteristics of a sociocultural view of development?

a. Emphasis in experience and the need for equilibrium embedded in a cultural context in influencing development

b.Emphasis on social interaction, language, and cultural context in influencing development

c.Emphasis on culture, transformation, and conservation in influencing development

d.Emphasis on assimilation, culture, and language in influencing development

81.Of the following, which theorist most stresses the importance of social support and language in cognitive developmental growth?

a.Chomsky

b.Bandura

c.Piaget

d.Vygotsky

82.Which of the following concepts undergirds Vygotsky’s perspective on learning?

a.Culture and language

b.Adaptation and accommodation

c.Assimilation and proximity

d.Adaptation and equilibrium

83.Which of the following are essential to Vygotsky’s view of development?

a.Social interaction and activity

b.Close emotional relationships with adults and peers

c.Adaptation through experimentation

d.Individual trial and error and experimentation

84.The concepts and symbols, such as numbers and language, that allow people to think, solve problems, and function in a culture are best described as:

a.forms of internalization.

b.types of scaffolding.

c.examples of private speech.

d.types of cognitive tools.

85.The process through which learners incorporate external, society-based activities into internal cognitive processes is best described as:

a.assimilation.

b.accommodation.

c.internalization.

d.transformation.

86.Private speech is most likely to occur when:

a.the task is difficult.

b.the task requires a verbal answer.

c.the task is familiar.

d.the task is simple.

87.Of the following, private speech is most likely to increase when:

a.the learner is bored.

b.the learner feels isolated.

c.the learner is confident.

d.the learner is challenged.

88.The process of using language to describe the steps needed to reach a goal is called:

a.social interaction.

b.private speech.

c.maturation.

d.equilibrium.

89.Of the following, which best describes Vygotsky’s concept of zone of proximal development?

a.Tasks learners can complete if they’re given help

b.Children’s awareness of how much they understand

c.Tasks learners can complete on their own

d.The extent to which learners are able to internalize the knowledge of others