Multiple-Choice Questions

1) What is the leading cause of death in the United States?

A) cancer

B) heart disease

C) diabetes

D) infection

2) An optimal systolic blood pressure reading would be less than

A) 60 mm Hg.

B) 80 mm Hg.

C) 120 mm Hg.

D) 200 mg.

3) You would be diagnosed with true hypertension if your systolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg or your diastolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to

A) 90 mm Hg.

B) 120 mm Hg.

C) 140 mm Hg.

D) 160 mm Hg.

4) Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

A) age

B) gender

C) being overweight

D) family history

5) A nonspecific marker of inflammation associated with cardiovascular disease is

A) C-reactive protein (CRP).

B) LDL-cholesterol.

C) hypertension.

D) HDL-cholesterol.

6) What lifestyle changes can a person take to improve his or her blood lipid profile?

A) lower intake of saturated fat and trans fat

B) decrease intake of soluble fiber

C) maintain lower-than-normal body weight

D) decrease amount of physical activity

7) The production of endogenous very-low-density-lipoproteins (VLDL) is decreased by

A) exercise.

B) simple sugars.

C) extra calories.

D) dietary cholesterol.

8) A desirable total blood cholesterol level, associated with a reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, is less than

A) 40 mg/dl.

B) 100 mg/dl.

C) 200 mg/dl.

D) 300 mg/dl.

9) Which of the following recommendations have been shown to improve blood lipid levels and reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease?

A) maintaining fat intake to within 20-35% of total energy

B) increasing saturated fat to more than 7% of total energy

C) decreasing intake of dietary omega-3 fatty acids from cold-water fish, nuts, and canola oil

D) consuming 200 μg/day of folate from supplements

10) The National Institutes of Health (NIH) recommends a reduction in dietary sodium intake to how many mg per day?

A) less than 200

B) less than 2,400

C) less than 3,300

D) less than 3,600