Multiple-Choice Questions

1) Which of the following does NOT increase the risk of developing osteoporosis?

A) smoking

B) moderate alcohol consumption

C) low dietary intake of calcium

D) high caffeine consumption

2) Which of the following is NOT associated with the female athlete triad?

A) hypertension

B) eating disorder

C) osteoporosis

D) amenorrhea

3) Dowager’s hump is one characteristic of

A) fluorosis.

B) osteoporosis.

C) rickets.

D) the female athlete triad.

4) What is the primary reason osteoporosis incidence in the United States is expected to increase?

A) inadequate treatment options

B) increased diagnostic tools

C) increased longevity of the population

D) decline in milk consumption

5) In which phase of a woman’s life cycle is bone loss the greatest?

A) puberty

B) pregnancy

C) lactation

D) menopause

6) Cindy is 63 years old and at risk for osteoporosis. Which of the following dietary supplements would be the MOST helpful to minimize bone loss?

A) magnesium and fluoride

B) vitamin K and fluoride

C) calcium and phosphorus

D) calcium and vitamin D

7) The most common sites of fracture in an individual suffering from osteoporosis are the

A) hip and spine.

B) femur and tibia.

C) clavicle and scapula.

D) sternum and ribs.

8) What medication is effective in treating osteoporosis because of its estrogen-like properties?

A) selective estrogen receptor modulators

B) calcitonin

C) thyroid hormone

D) bisphosphonates

9) Which of the following would NOT be good advice to offer someone who is selecting a calcium supplement?

A) Select a calcium carbonate supplement as it contains the most calcium per dose.

B) Your body cannot absorb more than 500 mg at any given time.

C) Look for a calcium supplement that is labeled “lead free.”

D) Take your calcium supplement on an empty stomach to increase absorption.

10) In women, the risk of osteoporosis increases with menopause due to the loss of the hormone

A) insulin.

B) thyroid.

C) estrogen.

D) progesterone.

11) What type of calcium supplement contains the highest amount of calcium per dose?

A) calcium carbonate

B) calcium lactate

C) calcium citrate

D) calcium phosphate

12) One of the side effects of using bisphosphonates is

A) leg cramps.

B) mood swings.

C) abdominal pain.

D) heart palpitations.