Multiple Choice

1. How many weeks comprise the average full-term pregnancy from conception to childbirth?

A. 36

B. 38

C. 40

D. 42

2. The organ that allows the exchange of nutrients, gases, and waste between the mother and the fetus is called the

A. uterus.

B. fallopian tube.

C. placenta.

D. ovary.

3. A fertilized egg embeds itself in the

A. uterus.

B. fallopian tube.

C. placenta.

D. ovary.

4. Which of the following can pass through the placenta to the fetus?

A. bacteria

B. alcohol

C. large proteins

D. red blood cells

5. Which of these effects in individuals can possibly be caused by malnutrition in the early stages of fetal development?

A. heart disease at an early age

B. impaired glucose tolerance

C. poor cognitive development

D. all of the above

6. Which factor has not been found to be associated with decreased production of sperm in the male?

A. obesity

B. smoking

C. physical activity

D. alcohol consumption

7. What nutrient needs to be a necessary component of the diet of pregnant women in order to prevent neural tube defects?

A. folic acid

B. iron

C. vitamin E

D. zinc

8. Which of the following are possible effects on the fetus due to the use of illicit drugs by a pregnant woman?

A. risk of miscarriage

B. birth defects

C. low birth weight baby

D. all of the above

9. What is a strategy that can be adopted to reduce the effects of morning sickness in pregnancy?

A. eating small, frequent meals that are high in complex carbohydrates

B. avoiding an empty stomach

C. increasing vitamin B6 intake

D. all of the above

10. What is the average weight gain during pregnancy for women who are of healthy weight?

A. 15 to 25 pounds

B. 20 to 30 pounds

C. 25 to 35 pounds

D. 30 to 40 pounds