Multiple Choice

1. The building blocks of proteins are

A. amino acids.

B. fatty acids.

C. glucose units.

D. nitrogen.

2. Which component of an amino acid confers its unique qualities?

A. peptide

B. carboxyl group

C. side chain

D. nitrogen

3. All amino acids contain a central carbon atom surrounded by ________ parts.

A. two

B. three

C. four

D. five

4. Essential amino acids

A. must be provided by the diet.

B. can be synthesized by the body.

C. are the only ones needed by the body.

D. are the only ones that contain nitrogen.

5. A peptide bond unites

A. the acid group of one amino acid and the amine group of another amino acid.

B. the acid group of one amino acid and the acid group of another amino acid.

C. the side chain of one amino acid and the side chain of another amino acid.

D. the hydrogen atom of one amino acid and the hydrogen atom of another amino acid.

6. Proteins are made of which of the following atoms?

A. carbon and hydrogen

B. carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

C. hydrogen and oxygen

D. carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

7. The primary structure of a protein refers to its

A. ability to form coils.

B. order of amino acids.

C. interaction with two or more polypeptides.

D. globular shape.

8. When a protein is denatured, it

A. loses its function.

B. unfolds.

C. has been treated with acid, heat, or salts.

D. has undergone all of the above.

9. The function of HCl in the stomach is to

A. activate pepsinogen.

B. begin the process of protein digestion.

C. denature proteins.

D. do all of the above.

10. The function of the hormone gastrin is to

A. activate pepsinogen.

B. begin the digestion of protein.

C. denature proteins.

D. stimulate the release of HCl.